A soil sensor, particularly a soil moisture sensor, is a device that measures the amount of water in the soil, helping to optimize irrigation, improve plant health, and conserve resources in agriculture, horticulture, and landscaping. These sensors can be stationary or handheld and measure properties like volumetric water content, alongside other factors like soil temperature and electrical conductivity (EC). They provide real-time data for precise control of water and fertilizer use, preventing over- or underwatering and promoting better root development and nutrient uptake. 

What it is and what it does

• Measures soil water content:The primary function of a soil sensor is to detect and quantify the amount of water in the soil. 
• Monitors soil conditions:Some advanced sensors can also measure other soil properties, including temperature and electrical conductivity (EC), which indicates nutrient levels. 
• Provides data for optimization:By continuously monitoring soil conditions, sensors offer data that allows users to make informed decisions about watering and fertilizing. 

Types and forms

• Stationary sensors:These are placed at specific, predetermined depths and locations in a field for long-term monitoring. 
• Portable probes:Handheld or portable sensors can be used to check soil moisture at various points across a larger area. 
• Integrated systems:Some soil sensors are designed to work with an AI controller or data logger for automated adjustments and alerts. 

Benefits of using soil sensors

• Optimizes irrigation: Prevents both overwatering and underwatering, ensuring plants receive the right amount of moisture. 
• Enhances plant health: Supports robust root development and efficient nutrient uptake, leading to healthier plants. 
• Conserves resources: Reduces water and fertilizer waste, which is environmentally beneficial and can reduce costs. 
• Prevents problems: Continuous monitoring can help identify potential issues like soil compaction or the outbreak of pathogens early on.